[变频空调维修]-第6章-通信故障-第2节-室内外机连接线接错,室外机不运行

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第2节 室内外机连接线接错,室外机不运行

故障说明

海信KFR-26GW/11BP挂式交流变频空调器移机安装后开机,室内机主板向室外机供电,但室外机不运行,同时空调器不制冷。按压遥控器上“传感器切换”键2次,显示板组件上“运行(蓝)、电源”指示灯亮,代码含义为“通信故障”。

1.测量室内机接线端子电压

如图6-11所示,在室内机接线端子上使用万用表直流电压挡测量通信电路,黑表笔接2号N端、红表笔接4号SI端,将空调器通上电源但不开机即待机状态为直流24V,说明室内机主板通信电压产生电路正常。

使用遥控器开机,室内机主控继电器触点吸合为室外机供电,通信电压由直流24V上升至30V左右,而不是正常的0V—24V跳动变化的电压,说明通信电路出现故障。使用万用表交流电压挡测量1号L端和2号N端为交流220V。

图6-11 测量室内机接线端子N与SI电压

图6-11 测量室内机接线端子N与SI电压

2.测量室外机接线端子电压

使用万用表交流电压挡,测量室外机接线端子上1号L端和2号N端电压为交流220V,说明室内机输出的交流电源已送至室外机。

如图6-12左图所示,使用万用表直流电压挡,黑表笔接2号N端,红表笔接4号SI端,测量通信电压约为直流0V,说明通信信号未传送至室外机通信电路。由于室内机主板N与SI端有通信电压,而室外机通信电压为0V,说明通信信号出现断路。

图6-12 测量室外机N、SI端和SI、L端电压

图6-12 测量室外机N、SI端和SI、L端电压

如图6-12右图所示,使用万用表直流电压挡,红表笔接4号SI端子不动,黑表笔接1号L端,正常电压应接近0V,而实测电压为直流30V,和室内机接线端子上SI与N电压相同,由于是移机的空调器,应检查室内外机连接线是否对应。

3.对应室内机和室外机接线端子

如图6-13所示,断开空调器电源,此机原配引线够长,中间未加长引线,仔细查看室内机和室外机接线端子上引线颜色,发现1号L与2号N端子引线接反。

图6-13 检查室内机和室外机接线端子引线

图6-13 检查室内机和室外机接线端子引线

维修措施

对调室外机接线端子上1号L端和2号N端引线位置,使室外机和室内机引线相对应,再次上电开机,室外机运行,空调器开始制冷,测量2号N端和4号SI端的通信电压在0V—24V跳动变化。

总结

①根据图6-2所示的通信电路原理图,通信电压直流24V正极由电源L线降压、整流、滤波,与电源N线构成回路,因此2号N线具有双重作用,即与1号L线组合为交流220V为室外机供电,与4号SI组合为室内机和室外机的通信电路提供回路。

②本例1号L和2号N线接反后,由于交流220V无极性之分,因此室外机的直流300V、直流5V电压均正常,但室外机通信电路的公共端为电源L线,与4号SI线不能构成回路,通信电路中断,造成室外机不运行和室内机CPU因接收不到通信信号,约2min后停止室外机供电,并报故障代码为“通信故障”。

③遇到开机后室外机不运行、报代码为“通信故障”的情况,如果为新装机或刚移机未使用的空调器,应首先检查室内机和室外机的连接线位置是否对应。

知识链接

室内机和室外机连接线常见故障

①如本例故障,新装机或刚移机空调器,室内机和室外机的连接线位置不对应,造成通信电路中断。

②空调器使用几年之后,室内外机连接线由于风吹日晒,绝缘层部分脱落甚至露出铜线,4根引线之间有漏电阻值甚至接近短路,将导致通信信号入地,造成室外机不运行的故障(也有些表现为开机后空气开关跳闸)。

③目前有些空调器连接线质量不好,4根引线之间有轻微漏电阻值,使得通信信号在传送过程中发生畸变,出现开机后室外机运行正常,通信电压0V—24V跳变也正常,但一段时间之后(约10min),室内机停止向室外机供电,更换室内机和室外机主板均不能排除故障,更换连接线后试机正常。

④空调器安装时加长室内外机连接线,由于接头之间绝缘处理不好,一段时间之后出现漏电阻值,使得电源相线干扰通信电路工作,出现室外机不运行或运行一段时间停机的故障。此时将接头重新分段包扎,并做好绝缘后试机正常。


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